Word study: ROOT WORD: Ꮹ / hwa/

Word study:  ROOT WORD:  Ꮹ / hwa/


when used as a ROOT -- the
Ꮹ wa-----
pronunciation notes
(or hwa, in eastern; in any dialect, it is always proceeded by a glottal stop and can be also proceeded by an aspirated h)


WHEN USED IN A VERB
Purchase  a-wa-hi-s-di  ᎠᏩᎯᏍᏗ 
To obtain in exchange for money or its equivalent; to buy. or to acquire by effort; earn


============================================
this is also a noun when used as any of these following synonyms:

 buy 

 acquire 

 bargain for 

 barter for 

 contract for 

 get 

 get in exchange 

 go shopping 

 invest in 

 market 

 obtain 

 pay for 

 procure 

 purchase 

 redeem 

 score 

 secure

============
USE IT/ SENTENCE EXAMPLES: [everyone I asked to say these, even western! - said them with an "H"]
I am purchasing it
ᎠᎩᏩᏍᎦ /akihwasga
You are purchasing it
ᏣᏩᏍᎦ /tsahwasga
s-he-it is purchasing it
ᎤᏩᏍᎦ /uhwasga
we (you and I the 2 of us) are purchasing it
ᎩᏂᏩᏍᎦ /ginihwasga
you 2 but not me are purchasing it
ᏍᏗᏩᏍᎦ / sdihwasga
they are purchasing it but not me
ᎤᏂᏩᏍᎦ / unihwasga
Everyone is purchasing it
ᎢᎩᏩᏍᎦ / igihwasga

=======
more forms:
=======
plural noun: purchases
the action of buying something.
Purchases  di-wa-hi-s-di  ᏗᏩᎯᏍᏗ PLURAL is the prefix Ꮧ- di-
[Purchases - ᏗᏩᎯᏍᏗ  diwahisdi -- note:  Ꮧ- “di-" is the PLURAL prefix.  ]
==========
PURCHASED
ᎠᏩᏒᎯ /ahwasvhi
========
PURCHASING
ᎣᏩᏍᎬ / ohwasgv
========
WHEN USED AS AN ADJECTIVE:


Purchased  a-hwa-sv-hi  ᎠᏩᏒᎯ


as in the word:

owned 

or these synonyms:

 possessed

 bought 

 enjoyed 

 had 

 held 

 in hand 

 inherited 

 kept 

 purchased 

 retained

 
============
NOUN
when indicating a Subject/ Object such as
Purchaser  u-wa-s-gi  ᎤᏩᏍᎩ
or as the English noun buyer




English Synonyms:

buyer

customer 

patron 

shopper 

client 

consumer 

obtainer

user

==========
but- notice the past tense owned
ᎤᏤᎵᎨᏒ  utseligesv which I thought was two words, but some speakers insisted was a compound word-
=========
and notice these:


Bought  a-hwa-sv  ᎠᏩᏒ    
Buy  a-hwa-hi-s-di  ᎠᏩᎯᏍᏗ   
Find  a-hwa-dv-di  ᎠᏩᏛᏗ    
Finds  a-hwa-dv-da  ᎠᏩᏛᏓ    
Found  a-hwa-dv-di  ᎠᏩᏛᏗ    
Finder a-hwa-tsi-gi  ᎠᏩᏥᎩ   
Index  a-hwa-dv-di  ᎠᏩᏛᏗ    
Purchase  a-hwa-hi-s-di  ᎠᏩᎯᏍᏗ    
Purchased  a-hwa-sv-hi  ᎠᏩᏒᎯ 
Speculate  a-hwa-sv-di-yi  ᎠᏩᏒᏗᏱ

=================
Prentice Robinson and others recommend the Cherokee Bible as a textbook;
considering that, here are some examples:
example: 1 Timothy 3:13
ᎠᏂᏩᏛᏗᎭ /aniwadvdiha
For they that have used the office of a deacon well purchase to themselves a good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.

ᎾᏍᎩᏰᏃ ᎣᏍᏛ ᏧᏂᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᎯ ᎨᏒ ᎠᏂᏯᏙᎯᎲᎢ, ᎠᏂᏩᏛᏗᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎨᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗᏱ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏣᏘ ᏄᎾᏰᎯᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᏓᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗᏱ ᎪᎯᏳᏗ ᎨᏒ ᎦᎶᏁᏛ ᏥᏌ.

Na-s-gi-ye-no o-s-dv tsu-ni-lv-wi-s-da-ne-hi ge-sv a-ni-ya-do-hi-hv-i, a-ni-wa-dv-di-ha o-s-dv ge-ga-da-nv-te-di-yi, a-le u-tsa-ti nu-na-ye-hi-s-dv-na a-da-nv-da-di-s-di-yi go-hi-yu-di ge-sv Ga-lo-ne-dv Tsi-sa.
=========
Mark 15
And he bought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
ᎤᏩᏒᏃ ᎤᏏᏙᎵ ᏙᎴᏛ ᎠᏄᏬ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏕᏒ ᎠᏰᎸᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏄᏬᎩᎯ ᏙᎴᏛ ᎤᏪᏣᏄᎳᏅ, ᎠᏤᎵᏍᏛ ᎤᏅᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏅᏲᎯ ᎠᏍᎪᏒᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᏅᏯ ᎤᏪᏌᏆᎴᎴᎢ ᎠᏤᎵᏍᏛ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏁᎢ.
U-wa-sv-no u-si-do-li do-le-dv a-nu-wo, a-le u-de-sv a-ye-lv-i, a-le a-nu-wo-gi-hi do-le-dv u-we-tsa-nu-la-nv, a-tse-li-s-dv u-nv-ne na-s-gi nv-yo-hi a-s-go-sv-i, a-le nv-ya u-we-sa-qua-le-le-i a-tse-li-s-dv ga-lo-hi-s-di-yi u-ne-I.
=========


remember, Use the Cherokee Bible as a textbook for studying these:

Matthew 13:46
bought a lump pearl
==========
Matthew 21:12
bought (indeterminate)
==========
Matthew 27:7
bought land
==========
Mark 15:46
Bought linen
==========
Mark 16:1
bought spices
==========
Luke 14:18
bought land
==========
Luke 17:28
bought, general
==========
Luke 19:45
bought generic
==========
Acts 7:16
bought tomb
==========
1 Corinthians 6:20 / 1 Corinthians 7:23 /2 Peter 2:1
bought people
==========



USING THE EXAMPLES FOUND ABOVE:
Bought Search in Cherokee Bible
or
Purchase Search in Cherokee Bible

Can you answer this person's question?

would it change if I was purchasing

liquid/ beverages

long & flexible /cloth

long & rigid /nails

lump /potatoes

living / horses

So? what? Ꭽ? (Monosyllables Part 3 of many)

So?
what? 
Ꭽ?


Tucked away in the pages of Levi Gritts Cherokee writings is a small word that packs a big wallop.
He defines it and I have heard it used.


This word is the single (monosyllable) Ꭽ.


You can start using Ꭽ scattered in among your English right away.


What does Ꭽ mean?


Ꭽ can act as an adverb, a conjunction, a pronoun, an adjective, or an interjection depending on the context. In other words, Ꭽ can be polysemous. In English, the word so is highly polysemous. It can be used as an adverb, a conjunction, a pronoun, an interjection, or an adjective. You could argue that the sentence-initial so is an interjection as well.  The same is true for Ꭽ.  But it does more as well.


Ꭽ can be used as a filled pause, much in the way that “well,” “um,” and “like” are used in conversation.  In this context, despite how our English ears may hear it, Ꭽ is not just being used just to fill a pause, as it seems, but Ꭽ is being used as a tool for conversation management.


Ꭽ -- so


Ꭽ-- what




Ꭽ-- so what?


Let's look at some ENGLISH sentences, using Ꭽ in context as a way to manage the conversation:




Speaker 1: So, how do you know Me-li?
Speaker 2: We met in high school.
Speaker 1: So, I met Me-li at the Huddle house early one morning at breakfast after a long night of cramming for a college test.....


now, those same ones- but this time, exchange Ꭽ for so


Speaker 1: Ꭽ, how do you know Me-li?
Speaker 2: We met in high school.
Speaker 1: Ꭽ, I met Me-li at the Huddle house early one morning at breakfast after a long night of cramming for a college test.....


Ꭽ is also used as a VERBAL marker-- functioning as an adverb, it emphasizes the verb it accompanies and carries the idea of progression.




Ꭽ is used colloquially today also -- think of a surly response from an adolescent (sorry to pick on you teens but most adults will identify with this example!)




Imagine, a teen comes home, slumps on the couch and just stares at their phone as they rapidly text another.  You ask them to put away their phone. 
You feel ignored.  You repeat the request, this time adding, "I really need to talk to you!" and their response? 
So?




Ꭽ


Ꭽ could be used in place of their reply to you.


I am certain you can start to use Ꭽ in your conversations.


See how easily you can replace the English word "so" in the following sentences:


Ꭽ I was shopping yesterday and I was hungry Ꭽ I bought way too much!


Ꭽ my car needs new tires and Ꭽ I cant drive it much


Ꭽ pay day is still a week away and Ꭽ I am eating beans.

start using

today!

NOTE:  a Cherokee elder told me that it is appropriate to also use Ꭽ /HA as an interjection in place of English word "Oh!"

Examples:


instead of OH! replace it with Ꭽ!
like these do:


Ꭽ!  I am so glad to see you!


Ꭽ!  that is good news!


Ꭽ! I had not heard that!


Ꭽ!  wow!


Ꭽ! you startled me!

Win handmade cherokee basket!

there's still time!


YOU could win a beautiful handmade Cherokee basket! 




Contest info is at




https://sites.google.com/site/cherokeebibleproject/contest

First Born Daughter Name: Pearl

First Born Daughter Name: Pearl


Lots of folks have written about this naming practice, and I have mentioned it before in other places but I cannot remember if I covered it on here


so folks,

Today,

lets think about the first born daughter in a Cherokee Family.


Unlike male oriented European societies, the Cherokee were/are Matrilineal rather than Patrilineal.
It was a daughter that owned the land and inherited from her family, not the sons.
It was the daughter that carried the family name and not the sons.
It was the mother who bestowed the right to be Cherokee and not the father (this did not change legally until rather recently! Now, both can be claimed)


So, out of this, a special name was bestowed to indicate that this child was the firstborn daughter (a treasure every parent dreamed of and longed for!)


Here is that information in case you wondered:

Pearl

2 spellings: {See explanation below}

ᏓᎬᎾ-ᎢᏳᎾᏍᏗ
[dagvnaiyunasdi]


or

ᏓᎬᏂᏳᏍᏗ 

 [da-gv-ni-yu-s-di]

PEARL is the historic name of the firstborn girl child in many traditional Cherokee Families

This practice goes back for generations back to pre contact times and presumably, even before and 

the practice of naming a first born daughter PEARL

is continued even today

Sometimes, today, first born daughters are named Maggie instead.
[a famous Maggie was Snowbird (EBCI) Cherokee Beloved woman: 


Maggie Axe Wahchacha-- see more on her at Megi]


another famous "Pearl" was Wilma Pearl Mankiller, Chief of CNO






Why did they switch to use the name "Me gi"?

ᎺᎩ megi [may ge]

Maggie \m(a)-ggie\ as a girl's name is pronounced MAG-ee, of English origin.

It is the short form of Margaret (Greek) which means "Pearl".

TODAY:

ᎺᎩ       megi     [may gee] Maggie \m(a)-ggie\ CORRUPTION / Borrowed Greek word

as a girl's name is pronounced MAG-ee, of English origin. It is the short form of Margaret (Greek) which means "Pearl".

BEFORE the use of Me-gi, the old name was given; It can be spelled one of 2 ways that we have found in historical documents:

Some refer to Scripture for the name spellings of  ᏓᎬᎾ-ᎢᏳᎾᏍᏗ [dagvnaiyunasdi] {found in ᎹᏚ 13:45 / Matthew 13:45, Rev. 21:21, etc} (this is older usage) read these verses online in English, syllabary and phonetics at Matthew 13

while today, others use a modern (western dialect) spelling of ᏓᎬᏂᏳᏍᏗ da-gv-ni-yu-s-di


MANY Cherokee folks learned to speak not only Cherokee and English, but also became fluent in Spanish, Greek, Latin and Hebrew*.



That is how the use of ᎺᎩ       megi     "MEGI" came into place for "Pearl".

*those languages were extremely easy for them to learn, especially when compared the complexity of their own Cherokee language.




LISTEN TO THESE VERSES FROM MATTHEW AT Parable of Pearl of Great Price

ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᏗ (use Cherokee Language! imperative, command to one person)

NOTE:  This was created with Digoweli font HOWEVER--- it was CHANGED by the website into Plantagenet


has not yet been reviewed for any errors this may have inadvertently created


=================
 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᏗ.
Tsalagi gvhd.
use Cherokee language
(imperative command)


Ꮩ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏓ ᎯᎠ?
Do iyusdi nigada hia?
 What is all this?


ᎯᎠᏛ ᏧᏪᏥ.
Hia-dv tsuwetsi.
 these are eggs.


ᎯᎠ Ꮎ,
Hia na,
 This here,
ᎠᏃᏎᎰ Ꮭ ᎢᏩᎾ ?
anoseho tla iwan ?
 ‘casserole’ isn't it? 
[NOTE:  using the TLA indicates this is either snowbird or western dialect and not Giduwa /not big cove dialect]


ᎯᎠ Ꮎ, ᏏᏆ ᎭᏫᏯ, ‘bacon’.
Hia na, sikwa hawiya, ‘bacon’.


ᎯᎠ Ꮎ, ᎤᏂᏣᎴᏍᏗ, ‘biscuits’.
Hia na, unitsalesd, ‘biscuits’. PLURAL


‘Grits’ ᎠᏃᏎᎰ ᎯᎠ.
‘Grits’ anoseho hia.


ᎯᎠ Ꮎ ᏑᏍᏗ, ‘gravy’.
Hia na asusd, ‘gravy’.


ᏗᏖᎵᏙᏗ ᎦᎵᏙᏗ.
Diteldohd gahldohd.
Serving Dishes


‘Sausage’, ᏍᏊ ᏏᏆ ᎭᏫᏯ ? ...
‘Sausage’, sgwu sikwa hawiya ? ...


ᎯᎠ Ꮎ ᏩᏚᎵᏏ, ᎦᏚ, ᏄᎾᏃ.
Hia na wadulis, gadu, nunahno.
 This is honey (syrup), bread, and potatoes.


ᏗᏖᎵᏙ.
Ditelido.
 Dishes.

Free Book: Cherokee Stories (and caveat)

The Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government ... Office, Washington, 1891, pages


 301-398 Kindle Edition

by James Mooney (Author)

Just Be aware: 

MOONEY did NOT get everything right.....

one example:

ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ

 

Mooney translated this word ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ /unelanvhi/ as "SUN".

 (apportioner)

But is that correct?

The answer comes back, from the Cherokee people themselves:  "NO!"

 

Elders have repeatedly said this for years (but is anyone listening??!!)

 

"MOONEY WAS WRONG!"

 

The First time we were told this was by elders in Big Cove. 

Then, we heard it from a fluent speaker who was presenting at a Museum event in Cherokee, NC. 

Next, we heard it again, this time at a gathering in Snowbird. 

 

So, we initiated conversation about it and we began asking and everywhere we went (Yellowhill, Birdtown, Wolfetown, Soco, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, etc) and fluent speaking elder's everywhere agreed: 

 

"Mooney was mistaken."

 

Then, we found it in books and publications.

 

Worcester wrote about it.  In his correspondence (letters) and in the printed articles as well, he assigned a different meaning than Mooney had to the name ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ.

 

Also, apparently, he, and others, became satisfied enough with what they learned about the name ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ to use the name ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ in the translation of the Scriptures into the Cherokee Bible.

 

Then, we also uncovered some writings and publications by Jack Frederick Kilpatrick and his wife Anna Gritts Kilpatrick (a descendant of Sequoyah) that said it very clearly:

 

 "while the manuscript medico-religious literature indisputably proves the contention of Mooney and Olbrechts (the Swimmer Manuscript, p. 20) that the aboriginal Cherokees believed in a Supreme Being, it offers little in support of THEIR equation of this Force with the sun.

THEIR [Mooney/Olbrechts] translation of une:hlanv':hi, the most commonly employed designation for the Supreme Being as "He has apportioined, allotted, divided into equal parts," which, say they, is in reference to the "time-dividing role of the sun," is, like many another of their translations:   FAULTY.  The term comes from the verb "to provide."  While upon other occasions we have followed the precedent of Mooney and Olbrechts in their use of "apportioner," this would appear to be as good a time as any for correcting an error that has existed for far too long-- hence, "Provider," as seen above."

                                                ~Walk In Your Soul, page 72-73, Jack Frederick Kilpatrick & Anna Gritts Kilpatrick, 1965, second printing 1982

SOURCE:  Jack Frederick Kilpatrick & Anna Gritts Kilpatrick, published

 

 

EXPLANTION:

How did Mooney happen to get it so wrong?

One elder's theory or explantion ran like this:

 

"Well, we often try to explain who Creator is by giving stories or examples found around us.

Creator is a being like us in some ways, but very unlike anything else.

We say Creator measures out our life and plans for us during our journey here in this place and we compare this to how the sun measures out the time of day and provides what plants need to grow and what we need for warmth in order to live.  We point out how the moon shows us what season it is and what time to plant and what time to harvest.  This measures out our days just as we have received an allotment from Creator.  Somehow, Mooney inverted this example.  Maybe it was lost in translation.  Maybe he had his own ideas.  But he got it wrong.  He got it backwards."

 This is a generous assessment. 

 

Others are not so kind and contend that Mooney was prejudiced.

 

It does appear that Mooney's own writings condemn him.

 

One noted Cherokee writer had this to say about Mooney:

 

"....while Mooney's work is invaluable to Cherokee Scholars (or Scholars of things Cherokee), it has shortcomings.  Mooney was an outsider looking in on Cherokee culture.  An nineteenth-century ethnologist, he approached his subject with the paternalistic skepticism typical of his contemporary colleagues. 

"For example, Mooney writes in the introduction to Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee,

    'It is absurd to suppose that the savage, a child in intellect, has reached a higher development in any branch of science than has been attained by the civilized man, the product of long ages of intellectual growth." [and] In Myths of the Cherokee, he writes this:  [gives story reference/example]

'The story is a vulgar one, without with enough to make it worth recording.'"

                            ~Robert J. Conley, Cherokee & noted author

 in other words, he did not see the beauty and value of many of the stories he came across, or else they did not fit his own "agenda".

One other thing Mooney missed: to the Cherokee, the Sun is female.   Mooney always used the pronoun "he".

NOTE:  An elder in big cove shared this with us as his "proof" of the name for the sun:

 

SUN

The fire in the daytime sky;

ᏅᏙ ᎢᎦᎡᎯ

nv-do i-ga-e-hi 

 

 

 

MOON

The fire in the night time sky, a reflection;

ᏅᏙ ᏍᎥᏃᏱᎡᎯ

nv-do sv-no-yi-e-hi

 

http://smile.amazon.com/Cherokees-Smithsonian-Institution-Government-Washington-ebook/dp/B004RCLSW6/ref=sr_1_1?s=digital-text&ie=UTF8&qid=1434278745&sr=1-1&keywords=free+kindle+books+cherokee+language&pebp=1434278772522&perid=17S7AKP6JS7YPJ96WX9K

Grant for 10 Families to Learn Cherokee Language

Are you interested in trying a new program to learn the Cherokee Language?

Families are encouraged to apply for a grant to participate (absolutely free) in an online program that will use technologies such as Skype and/or Google talk, or other technologies, websites and videos to teach the Cherokee language in the Big Cove Dialect.

The program is free, however, you must provide your own internet connection and working phone of your own is also required. (cell phone or land line either one). 

You will also be required to have a Gmail account for each family member participating but minors are allowed to share or to use an adult family member's account if you prefer.

If you are interested in obtaining an application for one of the 10 positions that are now open, please contact Walosi or Tsasuyeda at 888.743.7775  This is an automated call service so be sure to listen to the automated instructions for leaving a message, and allow 72 hours for a response/follow up.

Clearly state your name, your phone number, and the best time of day/week to call you back.

The application is a short one, but the process of selection may take several weeks once it is received by us.

You will be notified only if you are approved for participation.

To be eligible for the grant, applying families must be a "unit" comprised of at least 2 adults (parents, guardians, grandparents, etc) and at least 2 school aged children.

This course, when completed, can count in some instances, as a foreign language credit for those who are actively home educating their children. 

Just remember to indicate your interest in information on that on the application when you submit it.

Syllabary Wooden Blocks!

A gift arrived yesterday!
A dear someone knew I was wishing for the "uncle goose" syllabary blocks and they sent me 3 sets!


They arrived nicely packaged and with a handy chart showing what font style each one has!


Hubby was here to help me and together, we laid them out in order- and I am thrilled with how they look and feel!


The design is very high quality!


it was fun to sort through them all!
I am so happy with my gift!


That being said, if you are going to order some for yourself-- or for a friend--
may I suggest?


buy 4 sets- at least!


That is the only way you will have enough blocks to display each one of the syllabary symbols, the 15 word pictures, and the sides with the numbers.
It is also the only way to have enough blocks to make simple words.


(bigger words? you will need more blocks!!)


So, we had fun with it, and will display it.

It will even feature in some of our upcoming videos we are developing.


As soon as I get another set or two! hint, hint! ;)


another source of syllabary blocks is http://www.nativologie.com/store/p2/MINI_SYLLABARY_BLOCKS.html

Monosyllables: Post 2 of Several: Ꮪ /du/

Ꮪ or /Du/ is also a monosyllable; 

it has more than one meaning, depending on the context, however it is most often heard as an onomatopoeic word. 

The concept of onomatopoeia words can be difficult to understand without examples.

Examples give you the chance to better understand the onomatopoeia.  Water plopping into a pond makes the sound "Ꮪ!" "Ꮪ!" Ꮪ!" but it means more than the sound; it conveys the idea of the drop being drawn or pulled into the water and then absorbed into the water or pond, no longer separated, as in a raindrop and a pond, but has become one "body" of water now. 

The "Ꮪ" refers to the action of that attraction and the moment they unite.  In English this is described with the scientific term of "cohesion" and is related to water's adhesive properties. 

The way to say all that in Cherokee is to simply say "Ꮪ!" 

One more thing:  "Ꮪ" also can be used as a metaphor for love attraction as in describing "love at first sight" when used in poetry or prose.

These are not all the ways that "Du!" is used, but it gets us started in applying it in everyday conversations.

Please start using DU! today!